CHARACTERISTICS OF SOLID WASTE IN AKURE, ONDO STATE

CHARACTERISTICS OF SOLID WASTE IN AKURE, ONDO STATE

​​​​​​Background of the Study

Solid Waste is one of the most daunting environmental sanitation concerns confronting the globe today, and despite massive expenditures in the industry, it has consistently declined (African Union 2015). In today's world, many goods are intended to be used once and then discarded. Many of our consumers' habits are defined by single-use packaging and throwaway goods. According to Negm & Shareef (2020), waste problems are a society's reflection. There is a strong relationship between a society's economic, historical, cultural, and environmental conditions and its state. These factors vary by country, city, or community, just as waste concerns do. Understanding the status of a civilization consequently leads to an appreciation of the waste issues that exist in that society. In contrast, it is feasible to determine the condition of a civilization by examining its garbage problems (Negm, & Shareef, 2020).

Waste management issues are constantly on the rise. Due to its negative environmental consequences, Solid Waste Management (SWM) is a worldwide demanding issue, especially in developing nations (Zainu, & Songip 2017). The development of solid wastes is a critical environmental issue in developing nations, as well as a major worry in wealthy ones due to the environmental problems that result from its improper management and disposal. Globally, the creation of solid waste is mostly driven by population expansion, technological advancements, and economic growth. As new subdivisions are developed, urbanization has led to a rise in the output of garbage from residential sites, private and public utility facilities, and building and demolition operations (Katiyar, 2016). In recent years, this has garnered the interest of academics in both wealthy and developing nations. However, while waste generation in the developed world is managed effectively through the implementation of consistent waste policies, waste generation in developing countries of the global south, particularly Nigeria, is not managed effectively due to the absence of effective implementation of consistent waste policies. This has made solid waste management the most urgent environmental issue in Nigerian cities.

Ikott, (2022), notes that the management of solid waste has become one of the main difficulties for state and local government environmental protection organizations in Nigeria. The volume of solid waste created continues to expand at a quicker rate than the agencies' capacity to raise the financial and technical resources required to keep pace with this expansion. Ineffective collection techniques, inadequate coverage of the collection system, and poor disposal of solid waste define solid waste management in Nigeria. The amount of solid waste created in metropolitan centers of industrialized nations is more than in developing nations, although solid waste management in the latter remains inadequate (Katiyar, 2016). In developing nations, solid waste differs from that of developed nations. Most developing nations, including Nigeria, have solid waste management issues that differ from those of developed nations in terms of composition, density, political and economic framework, waste quantity, availability to garbage collection, awareness and attitude. In emerging cities, garbage is heavier, wetter, and more corrosive than in industrialized areas.

In the past, the focus has been on the technical features of various collection and disposal methods (World Bank, 2020), but more recently, the emphasis has shifted to increasing institutional arrangement to service delivery, with a particular emphasis on privatization (Ikott, 2022). Currently, Nigeria is experimenting with the privatization of this industry. In seven Nigerian cities, the Federal Government has implemented the National Integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management Intervention Programme. Maiduguri, Kano, Kaduna, Onitsha, Uyo, Ota, and Lagos are the seven cities. Various state governments have developed solid waste management organizations and regulations to include private sector participation in garbage collection and transfer to approved landfills.

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